Osteochondral Allograft, Microfracture, OATS, and ACI Surgery of the Knee: Cartilage Restoration
Treatments of biologic origin are best when treating knee disease or injury. This type of treatment can restore the knee to a near-normal state. Reconstruction of the ACL (anterior cruciate ligament), meniscal repair, and anatomic knee fracture repair are three kinds of biological surgical repairs that have good success with knee injuries.
Orthopedists as well as patients often find managing a full-thickness, symptomatic chondral lesion of the knee to be problematic.
Injury leading to articular cartilage cell death can best be treated by restoring the surface cells of the joint. The surface cells are the articular cartilage. This is the shiny white surface of which all joints in the body are made.
Four separate treatment options are possible: Osteochondral Allograft, Microfracture, Osteoarticular transfer system (OATS), and Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI).
Click here for more on Arthroscopy of the Knee.
In a young patient, a small lesion can be treated with Microfracture surgery. In this method, a pick-like tool is used to enter the marrow of the knee under the chondral defect. Multiple entries stimulate the bone marrow, which, in turn creates repair tissue. This tissue fills the chondral defect with fibrous cartilage tissue.
In this scenario, the patient will be on crutches for a month to eight weeks. The patient must not participate in sports for a six months to year. Additionally, the patient must realize that it may take up to eighteen months to be completely pain free.
The knee surface may be restored to a near-normal condition using a procedure called autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). If the knee defect is large, this procedure is used.
Articular cartilage cells can be harvested from the healthy part of the injured knee for utilization in ACI. There are very specific criteria that must be met for this surgery to be used.
These conditions are: 1. A full-thickness, weight-bearing, symptomatic chondral injury of the femoral articular surface. 2. A physiologically young patient. 3. The patient must understand and agree to participating in an 18 month rehabilitation process.
There is no guarantee of successful surgery to the tibia and patella. In fact, insurance companies will often refuse to pay for this type of surgery. It is important to note that ACI is not a workable procedure for the treatment of osteoarthritis. In this condition, two reciprocal joint surfaces experience damage. X-rays will reveal narrowing of the joint space. Additionally, bone spurs will be in evidence. 3T MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) may be used to assess for ACI. By using this procedure, the proper treatment can be determined.
Click here for more on Dr. Stefan Tarlow, an expert Phoenix surgeon of the knee. - 17269
Orthopedists as well as patients often find managing a full-thickness, symptomatic chondral lesion of the knee to be problematic.
Injury leading to articular cartilage cell death can best be treated by restoring the surface cells of the joint. The surface cells are the articular cartilage. This is the shiny white surface of which all joints in the body are made.
Four separate treatment options are possible: Osteochondral Allograft, Microfracture, Osteoarticular transfer system (OATS), and Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI).
Click here for more on Arthroscopy of the Knee.
In a young patient, a small lesion can be treated with Microfracture surgery. In this method, a pick-like tool is used to enter the marrow of the knee under the chondral defect. Multiple entries stimulate the bone marrow, which, in turn creates repair tissue. This tissue fills the chondral defect with fibrous cartilage tissue.
In this scenario, the patient will be on crutches for a month to eight weeks. The patient must not participate in sports for a six months to year. Additionally, the patient must realize that it may take up to eighteen months to be completely pain free.
The knee surface may be restored to a near-normal condition using a procedure called autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). If the knee defect is large, this procedure is used.
Articular cartilage cells can be harvested from the healthy part of the injured knee for utilization in ACI. There are very specific criteria that must be met for this surgery to be used.
These conditions are: 1. A full-thickness, weight-bearing, symptomatic chondral injury of the femoral articular surface. 2. A physiologically young patient. 3. The patient must understand and agree to participating in an 18 month rehabilitation process.
There is no guarantee of successful surgery to the tibia and patella. In fact, insurance companies will often refuse to pay for this type of surgery. It is important to note that ACI is not a workable procedure for the treatment of osteoarthritis. In this condition, two reciprocal joint surfaces experience damage. X-rays will reveal narrowing of the joint space. Additionally, bone spurs will be in evidence. 3T MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) may be used to assess for ACI. By using this procedure, the proper treatment can be determined.
Click here for more on Dr. Stefan Tarlow, an expert Phoenix surgeon of the knee. - 17269
About the Author:
Dr. Tarlow is a Board Certified Orthopaedic Surgeon with more than 20 years experience focusing on knee surgery. After 19 years of practice, he opened his own clinic, Advanced Knee Care, in Phoenix, Arizona. Click here to learn more about Dr. Tarlow, knee surgeons in Phoenix and ACL Surgery in Phoenix.
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